P0048 - Comprehensive Mortality Trends in PBC: A Dual Analysis of Underlying and Multiple Cause Deaths and Age-Adjusted Rates (1999–2020)

Hemeesh Tandel, ¹, Het Hirpara, MBBS², Sarthak H. Dhruv, MBBS³, Freya R. Thummar, MBBS⁴, Manav G. Limbachiya, MBBS⁵
1C U Shah Medical College, Navsari, Gujarat, India; 2C.U.Shah Medical College and Hospital, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India; 3C. U. Shah Medical College, Rajkot, Gujarat, India; 4C.U. Shah Medical Collage, Surat, Gujarat, India; 5C U Shah Medical College and hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

Introduction: Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease that may contribute to mortality as both an underlying and contributing (multiple) cause of death. Understanding trends in mortality related to PBC provides insight into disease burden and informs healthcare policy and management strategies.

Methods: Data on PBC-related deaths were extracted from CDC WONDER for the years 1999–2020. Two categories were analyzed: deaths in which PBC was the underlying cause and those in which it was listed as a multiple cause of death. Trends in absolute number of deaths and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) were assessed.

Results: Throughout the study period, deaths due to multiple causes involving PBC consistently exceeded those where PBC was the underlying cause. While the total number of deaths in both categories remained relatively stable with minor fluctuations, there was a notable decline in both absolute deaths and AAMRs after 2018. The AAMR for PBC as an underlying cause declined from approximately 0.20 per 100,000 in 1999 to around 0.12 in 2020. Similarly, the AAMR for PBC as a multiple cause decreased slightly but remained higher than for underlying cause deaths across all years.

Discussion: The burden of mortality involving PBC has declined modestly over the last two decades, particularly in age-adjusted terms. However, PBC continues to contribute to a significant number of deaths annually, especially when considering it as a multiple cause of death. These findings highlight the need for continued surveillance and targeted interventions to further reduce PBC-related mortality.


Figure: Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates in PBC: Underlying vs Multiple Cause (1999-2020)


Figure: Deaths in PBC: Underlying vs Multiple cause (1999-2000)

Disclosures:
Hemeesh Tandel indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Het Hirpara indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Sarthak Dhruv indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Freya Thummar indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Manav Limbachiya indicated no relevant financial relationships.

Hemeesh Tandel, ¹, Het Hirpara, MBBS², Sarthak H. Dhruv, MBBS³, Freya R. Thummar, MBBS⁴, Manav G. Limbachiya, MBBS⁵. P0048 - Comprehensive Mortality Trends in PBC: A Dual Analysis of Underlying and Multiple Cause Deaths and Age-Adjusted Rates (1999–2020), ACG 2025 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Phoenix, AZ: American College of Gastroenterology.