P1510 - Global, Regional, and National Trends in Liver Cancer Burden Attributable to High BMI: Insights From the Global Burden of Disease Study (1990-2021)

Husnain Ahmad, MBBS¹, Usman Bin Hameed, MD², Muhammad Faizan Ali, MD³, Aleena Sharif, MBBS⁴, Aagamjit Singh, MD⁵, Ayesha Sharif, MD⁶, Sherif Eltawansy, MD⁷
1Shalamar Institute of Health Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan; 2Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, MI; 3Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan; 4Sheikh Zayed Medical College Raheem Yar Khan, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan; 5William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI; 6William Beaumont hospital, Royal Oak, MI; 7Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Jersey Shore, NJ

Introduction: High body mass index (HBMI) is a growing global health concern and a known modifiable risk factor for liver cancer (LC). However, the burden of LC attributable to HBMI has not been comprehensively assessed across regions and countries. This study aims to quantify global, regional, and national trends in LC burden related to HBMI using data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study.

Methods: We analyzed data from the 2021 GBD study to assess trends in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), mortality rates, and years of life lost (YLLs) attributable to HBMI as a risk factor for LC from 1990 to 2021. Annual Percentage Change (APC) and Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC), along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with statistical significance determined using p-values.

Results: Globally, HBMI as a risk factor for liver cancer (LC) was responsible for 21.84 million DALYs over the study period. The DALY rate increased from 5.48 in 1990 to 15.67 in 2021 (AAPC: 3.43; 95% CI: 3.39–3.47; p < 0.000001). A total of 789,565 deaths were attributed to HBMI-related LC, with the mortality rate rising from 0.19 in 1990 to 0.58 in 2021 (AAPC: 3.65; 95% CI: 3.62–3.68; p < 0.000001).YLLs due to HBMI-related LC reached 21.63 million, increasing from 5.44 in 1990 to 15.52 in 2021.At the national level, the People’s Republic of Bangladesh experienced the steepest rise in DALYs (AAPC: 6.58; 95% CI: 3.65–11.15), followed by the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (AAPC: 6.20; 95% CI: 2.97–11.64) and the Republic of India (AAPC: 5.70; 95% CI: 4.28–7.36). These three countries also ranked highest in mortality rates and YLLs. While the greatest decline in DALYs, mortality rates and YLL was observed in the Republic of Mauritius. Regionally, South Asia showed the most pronounced increase in DALYs (AAPC: 6.17), mortality rates (AAPC: 6.35), and YLLs (AAPC: 6.17), followed by Australasia and East Asia. On the other hand, the slowest rise in DALYs and YLLs was observed in Oceania, while Sub-Saharan Africa had the slowest increase in mortality rates.

Discussion: The global burden of liver cancer attributable to high BMI has risen sharply since 1990, with South Asia showing the steepest increases. Bangladesh, Nepal, and India experienced the fastest national growth in DALYs, mortality, and YLLs, underscoring urgent regional intervention needs.

Disclosures:
Husnain Ahmad indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Usman Bin Hameed indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Muhammad Faizan Ali indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Aleena Sharif indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Aagamjit Singh indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Ayesha Sharif indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Sherif Eltawansy indicated no relevant financial relationships.

Husnain Ahmad, MBBS¹, Usman Bin Hameed, MD², Muhammad Faizan Ali, MD³, Aleena Sharif, MBBS⁴, Aagamjit Singh, MD⁵, Ayesha Sharif, MD⁶, Sherif Eltawansy, MD⁷. P1510 - Global, Regional, and National Trends in Liver Cancer Burden Attributable to High BMI: Insights From the Global Burden of Disease Study (1990-2021), ACG 2025 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Phoenix, AZ: American College of Gastroenterology.